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Statement of belief: “Sanctify them through thy truth: thy word is truth.” (John 17:17 KJV)

 

Created 5941[(?)] 09 15 2027 [2010-12-22]

Last edited 5941[(?)] 09 18 2027 [2010-12-25]

Updated 5925[(*??*)] 10 17 2029 [2013-01-29] – Revising Acts 16:13 from “the Day of the Sabbaths” to “Day of the Sabbaths.”

Revised 5925[(*??*)] 12 22 2029 [2013-04-04] – Revising Matt 12:11 from “the Day of Sabbaths” to “the Sabbaths,” and associated footnotes.

Completely revised 5925[(*??*)] 12 28 2029 [2013-04-09] – Correcting my mistakes re plural vs singular, and re the definite article, in the Aramaic/Syriac language as it pertains to “the Sabbath day,” “the Day of the Sabbath,” “the Day of the Sabbaths,””the Day of Sabbaths,” etc.. Cf. prior version.

 

 

The Day of the Sabbaths

vs

the Day of the Sabbath

in the New Testament

 

- as evidenced by the Syriac Peshitta after considering also Shem Tov’s Hebrew Matthew

over and above that which I’ve been previously able to discern from the Greek Textus Receptus…

Please notice in particular item #9 below and its footnote!

 

 

Abstract:

At this point in my learning curve I find the following:

1.      Without support from either 1) the OT, 2) Shem Tov’s Hebrew Matthew, or 3) from the Syriac Peshitta, but, with support from 1) the context, and 2) from my own NT chronology findings respectively, two separate passages within the Greek Textus Receptus and other Greek MS (Luke 4:16 and Acts 16:13) are using a unique term exclusively pointing to the Day of the Sabbaths, that is, to the Day of Pentecost. That is, the term “τη G3588 T-DSF  ημερα G2250 N-DSF  των G3588 T-GPN  σαββατων G4521 N-GPN,” meaning “the Day of the Sabbaths.

2.      The Syriac Peshitta term “@ZAYC @NEI,” literally “the day of the Sabbath,” is, in an apparently limited sense, a general term for “Sabbath day,” “the Day of the Sabbath,” etc.:

a.      In two (2) out of ten instances in the NT it is being used in reference to the Day of Pentecost (1, 2.) Cf. Luke 4:16 and Acts 16:13.

b.      In three (3) out of ten instances in the NT it is being used in reference to the Seventh-day Sabbath that is also the 1st of 50 days within the Counting of Omer towards Hag HaShavuot, the Day of Pentecost. Cf. Luke 13:14, 16, and John 19:31.

c.       In three (3) out of ten instances in the NT it is being used in reference to the first out of seven Sabbaths (2nd of 8) in the reckoning of Omer towards (2x,) or else in a general sense at the time of (1x,)  Hag HaShavuot, the Day of Pentecost. Cf. Luke 14:1, 5, and Matt 12:11.

d.     In two (2) out of ten instances in the NT it is being used by Yeshua at the time of the Feast of Tabernacles, albeit in a general sense. Cf. John 7:23.

3.      For the sake of comparison, the Syriac Peshitta search word “@ZAY*“ (meaning “the Sabbath”) as used in Davar3, produces 63 hits total for the NT.

4.      In conclusion, one might seem justified in saying that, at the very least, the Syriac Peshitta term “@ZAYC @NEI,” is being used for the purpose of giving reference to any very special Seventh Day Sabbath. Perhaps it carries much the same meaning as “a high day” as referenced in John 19:31?!   

 

 

 

Considerations:

 

This extensive revision is prompted by my learning a little more re Aramaic grammar. Specifically re plural, singular, and re the emphatic/definite article:

"In BA [Biblical Aramaic] there are three states of the noun: absolute, construct, and emphatic. The first two function like their BH [Biblical Hebrew] counterparts and need little discussion. The emphatic state always denotes determination in BA. It corresponds to the BH noun (in the absolute state) with the definite article. Some grammarians prefer to state the matter in another way, namely, that whereas the BH article is prepositive, the BA definite article is postpositive: e.g. "the king": BH הַמֶלֶךְ, BAמַלְכָּא .” (A Short Grammar of Biblical Aramaic, by Alger F. Johns)

“The most important difference between Hebrew and Aramaic is the use of the ubiquitous  דּor   דִּי. This can introduce speech (as τι), and also fulfills all the functions of Hebrew אַשֶׁר. It is also regularly used between two nouns to form a genitive construction.” (Outline of Aramaic Grammar, by P.J. Williams)

 

 

Upon doing a search in the Syriac Peshitta for the Aramaic words “@ZAYC @NEI,” meaning “the Day of the Sabbath,” I found 9 NT passages and 10 hits, as follows:

 

 

1

Matthew 12:11 Syriac Peshitta

CG @AXR DL ZI@C @XAB OEKPN EPN OEDL XN@ OIC ED

:DL MIWNE CG@ @L @ZAYC @NEIA @XAGA LTP O@E

Matthew 12:11 TLT[1]  And he said unto them, What man shall there be among you, that shall have one sheep, and if it fall into a pit on the day of the Sabbath,[2] will he not lay hold on it, and lift it out?

Matthew 12:11 TLT[3]  And he said unto them, Who among you has a sheep that falls into a pit on the day of the Sabbath and does not raise it up?  

 

Matthew 12:10 KJV  And, behold, there was a man which had his hand withered. And they asked him, saying, Is it lawful to heal on the sabbath days? that they might accuse him.

Matthew 12:11 KJV  And he said unto them, What man shall there be among you, that shall have one sheep, and if it fall into a pit on the sabbath day,[4] will he not lay hold on it, and lift it out?

Matthew 12:11 GNT-TR+ ο δε ειπεν αυτοις τις εσται εξ υμων ανθρωπος ος εξει προβατον εν και εαν εμπεση τουτο τοις G3588 T-DPN  σαββασιν G4521 N-DPN  εις βοθυνον ουχι κρατησει αυτο και εγερει

 

 

 

 

2

Luke 4:16 Syriac Peshitta

CRNC @PKI@ LRE IAXZ@C @KI@ ZXVPL @Z@E

:@XWNL MWE @ZAYC @NEIA @ZYEPKL @ED

Luke 4:16 TLT-TR  And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up: and, as his custom was, he went into the synagogue on the Day of the Sabbaths,[5] and stood up for to read.

Luke 4:16 TLT-SP  And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up: and, as his custom was, he went into the synagogue on the day of the Sabbath,[6] and stood up for to read.

Luke 4:16 KJV  And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up: and, as his custom was, he went into the synagogue on the sabbath day, and stood up for to read.

Luke 4:16 GNT-TR+ και ηλθεν εις την ναζαρεθ ου ην τεθραμμενος και εισηλθεν κατα το ειωθος αυτω εν τη G3588 T-DSF  ημερα G2250 N-DSF  των G3588 T-GPN  σαββατων G4521 N-GPN  εις την συναγωγην και ανεστη αναγνωναι

 

 

3-4

Luke 13:10 Syriac Peshitta

:@ZYEPK ON @CGA @ZAYA REYI SLN OIC CK

 

Luke 13:14 Syriac Peshitta

@ZY @YPKL XN@E REYI @ZAYA IQ@C LR ZNGZN CK @ZYEPK AX OIC @PR

:@ZAYC @NEIA @LE OIQ@ZN OIZ@ OEZIED OEDA GLTNL @LE OEDAC OINEI OEP@

 

Luke 13:16 Syriac Peshitta

@XQRPNZ @D @VXWLK@ DXQ@E MDXA@C ID DZXAC OIC @CD

:@ZAYC @NEIA @IXEQ@ @PD ON @XZYZC @ED @LE @L OIPY

 

Luke 13:14 TLT  And the ruler of the synagogue answered with indignation, because that Jesus had healed on the sabbath day,[7] and said unto the people, There are six days in which men ought to work: in them therefore come and be healed, and not on the Day of the Sabbath.[8]

Luke 13:15 TLT  The Lord then answered him, and said, Thou hypocrite, doth not each one of you on the sabbath loose his ox or his ass from the stall, and lead him away to watering?

Luke 13:16 TLT  And ought not this woman, being a daughter of Abraham, whom Satan hath bound, lo, these eighteen years, be loosed from this bond on the Day of the Sabbath?

 

 

Luke 13:10 KJV  And he was teaching in one of the synagogues on the sabbath.

Luke 13:14 KJV  And the ruler of the synagogue answered with indignation, because that Jesus had healed on the sabbath day, and said unto the people, There are six days in which men ought to work: in them therefore come and be healed, and not on the sabbath day.[9]

Luke 13:15 KJV  The Lord then answered him, and said, Thou hypocrite, doth not each one of you on the sabbath loose his ox or his ass from the stall, and lead him away to watering?

Luke 13:16 KJV  And ought not this woman, being a daughter of Abraham, whom Satan hath bound, lo, these eighteen years, be loosed from this bond on the sabbath day? [10]

Luke 13:14 GNT-TR+  αποκριθεις δε ο αρχισυναγωγος αγανακτων οτι τω σαββατω εθεραπευσεν ο ιησους ελεγεν τω οχλω εξ ημεραι εισιν εν αις δει εργαζεσθαι εν ταυταις ουν ερχομενοι θεραπευεσθε και μητη G3588 T-DSF  ημερα G2250 N-DSF  του G3588 T-GSN  σαββατου G4521 N-GSN

Luke 13:16 GNT-TR+  ταυτην δε θυγατερα αβρααμ ουσαν ην εδησεν ο σατανας ιδου δεκα και οκτω ετη ουκ εδει λυθηναι απο του δεσμου τουτου τη G3588 T-DSF  ημερα G2250 N-DSF  του G3588 T-GSN  σαββατου G4521 N-GSN

 

 

 

 

 

5-6

Luke 14:1 Syriac Peshitta

LEK@PC @YIXTC @YX ON CGC @ZIAL LR CKC @EDE

:DL EED OIXHP OEPDE @ZAYC @NEIA @NGL

Luke 14:5 Syriac Peshitta

@XAA DXEZ E@ DXA LTPC OEKPN EPN OEDL XN@E

:DL WQN @LC @CGN @LE @ZAYC @NEIA

Luke 14:1 TLT  And it came to pass, as he went into the house of one of the chief Pharisees to eat bread on the Day of the Sabbath,[11] that they watched him.

Luke 14:5 TLT  And answered them, saying, Which of you shall have an ass or an ox fallen into a pit, and will not straightway pull him out on the Day of the Sabbath?

 

Luke 14:1 KJV  And it came to pass, as he went into the house of one of the chief Pharisees to eat bread on the sabbath day,[12] that they watched him.

Luke 14:5 KJV  And answered them, saying, Which of you shall have an ass or an ox fallen into a pit, and will not straightway pull him out on the sabbath day[13]?

Luke 14:1 GNT-TR+  και εγενετο εν τω ελθειν αυτον εις οικον τινος των αρχοντων των φαρισαιων σαββατω G4521 N-DSN φαγειν αρτον και αυτοι ησαν παρατηρουμενοι αυτον

Luke 14:5 GNT-TR+  και αποκριθεις προς αυτους ειπεν τινος υμων ονος η βους εις φρεαρ εμπεσειται και ουκ ευθεως ανασπασει αυτον εν τη G3588 T-DSF  ημερα G2250 N-DSF  του G3588 T-GSN  σαββατου G4521 N-GSN

 

 

 

 

 

7-8

John 7:23 Syriac Peshitta

@QENP @XZYP @LC LHN @ZAYC @NEIA XFBZN @YPXA O@

:@ZAYC @NEIA ZNLG@ @YPXA DLKC OEZP@ OIPHX ILR @YENC

John 7:23 TLT  If a man on the Day of the Sabbath[14] receive circumcision, that the law of Moses should not be broken; are ye angry at me, because I have made a man every whit whole on the Day of the Sabbath?[15]

John 7:23 KJV  If a man on the sabbath day receive circumcision, that the law of Moses should not be broken; are ye angry at me, because I have made a man every whit whole on the sabbath day[16]?

John 7:23 GNT-TR+ ει περιτομην λαμβανει ανθρωπος εν σαββατω ινα μη λυθη ο νομος μωσεως εμοι χολατε οτι ολον ανθρωπον υγιη εποιησα εν σαββατωG4521 N-DSN

 

 

9

 

John 19:31 Syriac Peshitta

LR OILD @XBT OEZEAP @L OIXN@ ZED @ZAEXRC LHN OIC @ICEDI

 ERAE ID @ZAYC @NEI @AX XIB @ED @NEI @DBP @ZAYC LHN OEDITIWF

:OEP@ OEZGPE @TIWF OEPDC OEDIWY OEXAZPC QEHLIT ON

John 19:31 TLT  The Jews therefore, because it was the preparation, that the bodies should not remain upon the cross on the Sabbath day, (for that day was the seed[17] Day of the Sabbath,) besought Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away.

John 19:31 KJV  The Jews therefore, because it was the preparation, that the bodies should not remain upon the cross on the sabbath day, (for that sabbath day was an high day,)[18] besought Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away.

John 19:31 GNT-TR+ οι ουν ιουδαιοι επει παρασκευη ην ινα μη μεινη επι του σταυρου τα σωματα εν τω G3588 T-DSN  σαββατω G4521 N-DSN ην γαρ μεγαλη G3173 A-NSF  η G3588 T-NSF  ημερα G2250 N-NSF  εκεινου G1565 D-GSN  του G3588 T-GSN  σαββατου G4521 N-GSN  ηρωτησαν τον πιλατον ινα κατεαγωσιν αυτων τα σκελη και αρθωσιν

 

 

 

10

Acts 16:13 Syriac Peshitta

ONZC LHN @XDP CI LR @ZPICNC @RXZ ON XAL @ZAYC @NEIA OWTPE

:ONZ IED OYIPKC @YP MR OIED OILLNN OAZI CKE @ZELV ZIA @ED @FGZN

Acts 16:13 TLT-SP  And on the Day of the Sabbath[19] we went out of the city by a river side, where prayer was wont to be made; and we sat down, and spake unto the women which resorted thither.

Acts 16:13 TLT-TR  And on the Day of the Sabbaths[20] we went out of the city by a river side, where prayer was wont to be made; and we sat down, and spake unto the women which resorted thither.

Acts 16:13 KJV  And on the sabbath[21] we went out of the city by a river side, where prayer was wont to be made; and we sat down, and spake unto the women which resorted thither.

Acts 16:13  τη  τε G5037 PRT  ημερα G2250 N-DSF  των G3588 T-GPN  σαββατων G4521 N-GPN  εξηλθομεν εξω της πολεως παρα ποταμον ου ενομιζετο προσευχη ειναι και καθισαντες ελαλουμεν ταις συνελθουσαις γυναιξιν

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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[1] This translation is based upon the Syriac Peshitta alone. Considering the fact that Shem Tov’s Hebrew Matthew is not using the plural of the word “Sabbath” (as used in Luke 4:16 and Acts 16:13 of the Greek Textus Receptus text,) while yet using the genitive format reflected within the Syriac word “@ZAYC,” “of the Sabbath,” I no longer find support for translating Matt 12:11 in terms of the Day of Pentecost.

[2] After having carefully compared Shem Tov’s Hebrew Matthew with the Syriac Peshitta rendering (and with the Greek TR,) and after recognizing that the Jews’ observance of the sacrifice of Omer, and of Shavuot, on Nissan 16, or even on Nissan 15, or on a Sunday, is a modern invention without roots in Biblical times, I find that the Sabbath here referenced is a reference to any Sabbath, whether the Seventh Day of the week, or to one of the seven annual Sabbaths, or even to any Sabbath of the Jews or of men generally!

Furthermore, I have found that in 18 CE Hag HaOmer, the Waving of the Sheaf, and Hag HaShavuot, fell on the days indicated under this link. For my assessment of the date when these words were originated by Yeshua, please cf. this synopsis!

[3] This translation is based upon Shem Tov’s Hebrew Matthew, which Hebrew text I am convinced is a transcript, not a translation, of the original Hebrew text.

[4] Notice that KJV is using the singular case, just as is also Shem Tov’s Hebrew Matthew and the Syriac Peshitta. Is this an accidental correction in comparison to the Greek Textus Receptus version, which Greek version is using a plural? Notice also that the Greek text has dropped the word “day” which is found not only in KJV, but also in the Syriac Peshitta and in Shem Tov’s Hebrew Matthew! Cf. also Luke 4:16 below!

[5] Without finding support from either Shem Tov’s Hebrew Matthew or from the Syriac Peshitta, the Greek TR is here using plural. As such it provides some support to my prior contention that this event took place on Hag HaShavuot (within a year of Jubilee.) However, one must ask oneself whether the Greek rendering of the TR is based upon fact or else upon a translator’s own assumption! This use of the plural is all the more remarkable upon considering also that, in most instances, the same Greek translation of most other passages is using the singular!  Cf. this link!

[6] Cf. footnote #5 and also this link!

[7] Per my current understanding, this was the Hag HaOmer Sabbath, that is, the day when the Waving of the Sheaf sacrifice was being brought. Cf. this link.

[9] Notice that, in the Luke 13:14, 16 passage, the singular case of the word Sabbath is being used in KJV as well as in Textus Receptus and in the Syriac Peshitta. My former understanding of this passage being a reference to the Day of the Sabbaths, that is, to Pentecost is thereby voided! In contradistinction, please cf. Luke 4:16 above, most specifically the plural being used in the Greek TR!

[10] Cf. footnote #6!

[12] Notice that here KJV is adding the definite article whereas a literal translation from the Greek Textus Receptus would be “a Sabbath.” In contradistinction, the Syriac Peshitta is using the emphatic state, that is, the definite article. Nevertheless, upon realizing that no one of the texts is using the plural, I find no support for translating this passage exclusively in terms of the Day of the Sabbaths, i.e. in terms of the Day of Pentecost!

[13] Cf. Luke 13:14, 16 above and the corresponding footnotes!

[14] Per John 7:2 Yeshua spoke these words at the feast of Tabernacles. I no longer find any reason for attaching this reference exclusively to the Day of Pentecost, nor to an event associated with the Pentecost.

Further, I find it interesting that the word “taber*” is found only once within each of the four gospels (KJV,) and that in the Syriac Peshitta the Aramaic word “דמטלא,” translated ‘of tabernacles’ is found only once in the entire NT. However, “*מטלא*” gives two hits (using Davar3,) including also Mark 9:7 and which word Younan is translating “overshadowing.” Matthew 17:4, Mark 9:5, and Luke 9:33 all use “מטלין” (found three times in the NT,) translated “tabernacles.” The Hebrew “טלא” means “cover(ing)” (Strong’s H2921-2922.)

[15] An important thing to consider here is this: What particular man is Yeshua here giving reference to? Is this a reference to either 1) the man with a withered hand, or 2) to one or both of the events recorded in Luke 13:11-21 and 14:1-6? Or else, 3) is this a reference to an event not specifically recorded in the Scriptures? It seems to me as though item #3 would be the easy cop out option, while item #1 doesn’t quite seem to fit Yeshua’s words “made a man every whit whole.” Furthermore, item #1 is an event that took place well over one year prior to this event, perhaps more than two years (if my present scenario [present scenario: ”5941[(?)] 09 15 2027 [2010-12-22]”; cf. this link] is in error on that point?) But if this is a reference to item #2 above, then my present scenario is in error, because I’ve presently placed the events of item #2 at the Pentecost following this event, that is, in the summer of 18 CE. If true, then either one or the other of these events would have to be corrected in my scenario. [Well, this discovery was the beginning of this revised scenario as improved upon this.]

[16] Cf. Luke 14:1 and the corresponding KJV footnote!

[17] From the Hebrew “רב” meaning “increase, abundant” as in the embryo of a grain or seed (cf. Strong’s H7227, H7231! That is, the 1st of 50 days towards Pentecost, towards the Day of the Sabbaths!)

Notice that the same word “רב” may also be thought of in terms of “ר,” ‘the head,’ of “ב,” the “house-hold,” thus also the Hebrew word ‘Rabbi.’ Cf. these pictograms of the ancient Hebrew Alphabet!

Thus, once again, the beginning, the head, of the counting towards the Day of the Sabbaths, the 50th Day, Pentecost, is this very day (John 19:31; per KJV: “an high day,”) that Seventh-day Sabbath which is always found as one among the seven days of the Feast of Unleavened Bread.

How does this day relate to the out pouring of the Holy Spirit and the Latter Day Rain?

What does this inspired Writer have to share re this particular day and Yeshua Messiah / Jesus Christ, the First Fruits?

[18] As best I can tell the KJV is doing a fairly good job of making sense out of the Greek TR text. Even so, KJV is missing the point of this Sabbath being a reference to Day #1 of 50 towards the Day of the Sabbaths, i.e. towards Pentecost.

[21] Cf. Luke 4:16!