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Created 5926[(*??*)] 07 22 2030 [2013-10-28]

Updated 5926[(*??*)] 10 14 2030 [2014-01-16] – A Notice added re an alternative reading of the Joshua text, which in the end I find the most likely scenario.

Addition 5926[(*??*)] 10 15 2030 [2014-01-17] –Adding Results & abstract, which summarizes the results of the Considerations below.

Addition 5926[(*??*)] 10 19 2030 [2014-01-21] – Under Results & abstract, adding a paragraph re the Hebrew word studies I found necessary to make for this article.

 

 

 

When Was Jordan Crossed?

Date stamps of the Book of Joshua

 

Results & abstract:

Building upon the Considerations below I find good support for identifying the following date stamps in the first six Chapters of the Book of Joshua.

In order to arrive at a reliable result in answering the above question, “When Was Jordan Crossed,” in addition to my astronomy based chronology studies of many years, as published at the within website of mine, I was induced to make two new Scripture based Hebrew word studies, which studies turned out to be abundantly fruitful. That is, one study re the word “בעוד” (cf. this link,) and another study re the words “שׁלשׁת” vs “שׁלשׁה” (cf. this link.)

Here are the date stamps I have found thus far in the Book of Joshua:

 

On the Seventh Day Sabbath, on the last day of Adar 1423 BCE [Sat Mar 27, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 1:1 KJV  Now after the death of Moses the servant of the LORD it came to pass that the LORD spake unto Joshua the son of Nun, Moses' minister, saying…

Referencing the Third Day of the week, Abib 10, 1423 BCE [Tue Apr 6, 1423 BCE.] Cf. this link!:

Jos 1:11 TLT  Pass through the host, and command the people, saying, Prepare you victuals; for within the Third Day beyond the Third Day of this week ye shall pass over this Jordan, to go in to possess the land, which the LORD your God giveth you to possess it.

On the eve of the First Day of the week, Abib 1, 1423 BCE [Sat Mar 27, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 2:2 KJV  And it was told the king of Jericho, saying, Behold, there came men in hither to night of the children of Israel to search out the country.

Spoken in the late evening of the First Day of the week, Abib 1, 1423 BCE [Sat Mar 27, 1423 BCE] while referencing Days One through Three of the week, Abib 1-3, 1423 BCE [Sun-Tue Mar 28-30, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 2:16 TLT  And she said unto them, Get you to the mountain, lest the pursuers meet you; and hide yourselves there these first three days of this week, until the pursuers be returned: and afterward may ye go your way.

Referencing Days One through Three of the week, Abib 1-3, 1423 BCE [Sun-Tue Mar 28-30, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 2:22 TLT  And they went, and came unto the mountain, and abode there the first three days of the week, until the pursuers were returned: and the pursuers sought them throughout all the way, but found them not.

On the eve of Day Four of the week, Abib 4, 1423 BCE [Tue evening Mar 30, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 2:23 KJV  So the two men returned, and descended from the mountain, and passed over, and came to Joshua the son of Nun, and told him all things that befell them:

On Day Four of the week, Abib 4, 1423 BCE [Wed Mar 31, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 3:1 KJV  And Joshua rose early in the morning; and they removed from Shittim, and came to Jordan, he and all the children of Israel, and lodged there before they passed over.

On the eve of Day Three of the week, Abib 10, 1423 BCE [Mon evening Apr 5, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 3:2 TLT  And it came to pass after the beginning of the Third Day of the week, that the officers went through the host;

On the eve of Day Three of the week, Abib 10, 1423 BCE [Mon evening Apr 5, 1423 BCE,] while referencing the morning hours of Day Three of the week, Abib 10, 1423 BCE [Tue morning Apr 6, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 3:5 KJV  And Joshua said unto the people, Sanctify yourselves: for to morrow the LORD will do wonders among you.

On Day Three of the week, Abib 10, 1423 BCE [Tue Apr 6, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 3:7 KJV  And the LORD said unto Joshua, This day will I begin to magnify thee in the sight of all Israel, that they may know that, as I was with Moses, so I will be with thee.

On Day Three of the week, Abib 10, 1423 BCE [Tue Apr 6, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 4:14 KJV  On that day the LORD magnified Joshua in the sight of all Israel; and they feared him, as they feared Moses, all the days of his life.

On Day Three of the week, Abib 10, 1423 BCE [Tue Apr 6, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 4:19 KJV  And the people came up out of Jordan on the tenth day of the first month, and encamped in Gilgal, in the east border of Jericho.

On Day Three of the week, Abib 10, 1423 BCE [Tue Apr 6, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 5:2 KJV  At that time the LORD said unto Joshua, Make thee sharp knives, and circumcise again the children of Israel the second time.

On Day Four of the week, Abib 11, 1423 BCE [Tue evening Apr 6, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 5:3 KJV  And Joshua made him sharp knives, and circumcised the children of Israel at the hill of the foreskins.

Days Four through Seven of the week, Abib 11-14, 1423 BCE [Tue evening through Sat Apr 6-10, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 5:8 KJV  And it came to pass, when they had done circumcising all the people, that they abode in their places in the camp, till they were whole.

On Day Seven of the week, Abib 14, 1423 BCE [Sat Apr 10, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 5:9 KJV  And the LORD said unto Joshua, This day have I rolled away the reproach of Egypt from off you. Wherefore the name of the place is called Gilgal unto this day.

On the last portion of Day Seven of the week, Abib 14, 1423 BCE [Sat evening Apr 10, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 5:10 KJV  And the children of Israel encamped in Gilgal, and kept the passover on the fourteenth day of the month at even in the plains of Jericho.

On the last portion of Day Seven of the week, Abib 14, 1423 BCE [Sat evening Apr 10, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 5:11 KJV  And they did eat of the old corn of the land on the morrow after the passover, unleavened cakes, and parched corn in the selfsame day.

On the morning of Day One of the week, Abib 15, 1423 BCE [Sun morning Apr 11, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 5:12 KJV  And the manna ceased on the morrow after they had eaten of the old corn of the land; neither had the children of Israel manna any more; but they did eat of the fruit of the land of Canaan that year.

On Day Seven of the week, Abib 14, 1423 BCE [Sat Apr 10, 1423 BCE:]

5:13 KJV  And it came to pass, when Joshua was by Jericho, that he lifted up his eyes and looked, and, behold, there stood a man over against him with his sword drawn in his hand: and Joshua went unto him, and said unto him, Art thou for us, or for our adversaries?

Jos 5:14 KJV  And he said, Nay; but as captain of the host of the LORD am I now come. And Joshua fell on his face to the earth, and did worship, and said unto him, What saith my lord unto his servant?

On Day Seven of the week, Abib 14, 1423 BCE [Sat Apr 10, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 6:2 KJV  And the LORD said unto Joshua, See, I have given into thine hand Jericho, and the king thereof, and the mighty men of valour.

On Day Seven of the week, Abib 14, 1423 BCE [Sat Apr 10, 1423 BCE,] while referencing Days One through Six of the subsequent week, Abib 15-20, 1423 BCE [the days beginning at sunset Sat Apr 10 – Thu Apr 15, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 6:3 KJV  And ye shall compass the city, all ye men of war, and go round about the city once. Thus shalt thou do six days.

On Day Seven of the week, Abib 14, 1423 BCE [Sat Apr 10, 1423 BCE,] while referencing the Seventh Day Sabbath of the subsequent week, Abib 21, 1423 BCE [beginning at sunset Fri Apr 16, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 6:4 KJV  And seven priests shall bear before the ark seven trumpets of rams' horns: and the seventh day ye shall compass the city seven times, and the priests shall blow with the trumpets.

On Day Seven of the week, Abib 14, 1423 BCE [Sat Apr 10, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 6:6 KJV  And Joshua the son of Nun called the priests, and said unto them, Take up the ark of the covenant, and let seven priests bear seven trumpets of rams' horns before the ark of the LORD.

On Day One of the week, Abib 15, 1423 BCE [Sun Apr 11, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 6:8 KJV  And it came to pass, when Joshua had spoken unto the people, that the seven priests bearing the seven trumpets of rams' horns passed on before the LORD, and blew with the trumpets: and the ark of the covenant of the LORD followed them.

On Day Two of the week, Abib 16, 1423 BCE [Mon Apr 12, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 6:14 KJV  And the second day they compassed the city once, and returned into the camp: so they did six days.

On Day Seven of the week, Abib 21, 1423 BCE [Sat Apr 17, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 6:15 KJV  And it came to pass on the seventh day, that they rose early about the dawning of the day, and compassed the city after the same manner seven times: only on that day they compassed the city seven times.

At the end of Day Seven and at the beginning of Day One of the week, Abib 21-22, 1423 BCE [Sat evening Apr 17, 1423 BCE:]

Jos 6:20 KJV  So the people shouted when the priests blew with the trumpets: and it came to pass, when the people heard the sound of the trumpet, and the people shouted with a great shout, that the wall fell down flat, so that the people went up into the city, every man straight before him, and they took the city.

A Feast of Tabernacles event at the beginning of the Sabbatical year; beginning Tishri 15, 1421 BCE [beginning at sunset Fri Oct 12, 1421 BCE.[1]] More at the footnote at this link…:

Jos 8:34  And afterward he read all the words of the law, the blessings and cursings, according to all that is written in the book of the law.

Jos 8:35  There was not a word of all that Moses commanded, which Joshua read not before all the congregation of Israel, with the women, and the little ones, and the strangers that were conversant among them.

The Long Day of Joshua [July 3, 1420 BCE:] More at the footnote at this link…:

Jos 10:11  And it came to pass, as they fled from before Israel, and were in the going down to Bethhoron, that the LORD cast down great stones from heaven upon them unto Azekah, and they died: they were more which died with hailstones than they whom the children of Israel slew with the sword.

Jos 10:12  Then spake Joshua to the LORD in the day when the LORD delivered up the Amorites before the children of Israel, and he said in the sight of Israel, Sun, stand thou still upon Gibeon; and thou, Moon, in the valley of Ajalon.

Jos 10:13  And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the people had avenged themselves upon their enemies. Is not this written in the book of Jasher? So the sun stood still in the midst of heaven, and hasted not to go down about a whole day.

Jos 10:14  And there was no day like that before it or after it, that the LORD hearkened unto the voice of a man: for the LORD fought for Israel.

The fifth year after the crossing of Jordan began Tishri 22, 1419 BCE [Oct 26, 1419 BCE[2]] and ended with Tishri 21, 1418 BCE [at sunset Oct 15, 1418 BCE.[3]]

Jos 11:18  Joshua made war a long time with all those kings.

Jos 11:23  So Joshua took the whole land, according to all that the LORD said unto Moses; and Joshua gave it for an inheritance unto Israel according to their divisions by their tribes. And the land rested from war.

Jasher 89:53 And Joshua smote all the kings that were on this side Jordan to the west, and gave them for an inheritance to the nine tribes and to the half tribe of Israel.

Jasher 89:54 For five years did Joshua carry on the war with these kings, and he gave their cities to the Israelites, and the land became tranquil from battle throughout the cities of the Amorites and the Canaanites.

Jasher 90:1 At that time in the fifth year after the children of Israel had passed over Jordan, after the children of Israel had rested from their war with the Canaanites, at that time great and severe battles arose between Edom and the children of Chittim, and the children of Chittim fought against Edom.

 

 

Considerations:

 

Jos 1:1 KJV  Now after the death of Moses the servant of the LORD it came to pass, that the LORD spake unto Joshua the son of Nun, Moses' minister, saying…

 

When is the special day of communion between Yahweh Elohim, our Creator, and His People? Is it not the Seventh Day Sabbath?! Furthermore, when nothing else is being specified in the text re the origin of any given time period, is it not a given that the day(s) specified is/are in reference to the only Hebrew names ever used for the days of the week?! Thus…

                    

 Jos 1:11  עברו בקרב המחנה וצוו את־העם לאמר הכינו לכם צידה כי בעוד שׁלשׁת ימים אתם עברים את־הירדן הזה לבוא לרשׁת את־הארץ אשׁר יהוה אלהיכם נתן לכם לרשׁתה׃

 

Jos 1:11 KJV  Pass through the host, and command the people, saying, Prepare you victuals; for within three days ye shall pass over this Jordan, to go in to possess the land, which the LORD your God giveth you to possess it.

 

Based upon the English of the KJV it might thus appear as though Joshua is saying that the people were to pass over the Jordan within the Third Day of the week. However, upon considering more closely the Hebrew behind that text I find a slightly different meaning. The word “עוד” or “עד” (Strong’s H5703-08; H5750) is typically used in the Scriptures when pointing to a specific time, e.g. “until.” The prefix “-ב” typically means “within.” But what would be the meaning of “בעוד,” that is, “within until…?” Especially when considering also the following passages… Please keep reading! (Cf. the TLT translation of Joshua 3:2 below:)

 

 Jos 2:2  ויאמר למלך יריחו לאמר הנה אנשׁים באו הנה הלילה מבני ישׂראל לחפר את־הארץ׃

Jos 2:2 KJV  And it was told the king of Jericho, saying, Behold, there came men in hither to night of the children of Israel to search out the country.

 

 Jos 2:16  ותאמר להם ההרה לכו פן־יפגעו בכם הרדפים ונחבתם שׁמה שׁלשׁת ימים עד שׁוב הרדפים ואחר תלכו לדרככם׃

 

Jos 2:16 KJV  And she said unto them, Get you to the mountain, lest the pursuers meet you; and hide yourselves there three days, until the pursuers be returned: and afterward may ye go your way.

 

 Jos 2:22  וילכו ויבאו ההרה וישׁבו שׁם שׁלשׁת ימים עד־שׁבו הרדפים ויבקשׁו הרדפים בכל־הדרך ולא מצאו׃

Jos 2:22 KJV  And they went, and came unto the mountain, and abode there three days, until the pursuers were returned: and the pursuers sought them throughout all the way, but found them not.

 

Jos 2:23 KJV  So the two men returned, and descended from the mountain, and passed over, and came to Joshua the son of Nun, and told him all things that befell them:

 

Thus, I find these passages indicating that Joshua sent out the spies after the end of the Sabbath, in the evening, such that they were able to enter Jericho on the eve of the First Day of the week [Saturday night,] and that the lady of the house referenced the three subsequent light and hot portions of the full 24 hour days beginning at sunset of each day [Sunday day, Monday day, and Tuesday day.] Thus the spies returned to Joshua on the east side of Jordan after the end of the Third Day, i.e. during the eve of the Fourth Day [Tuesday evening.] Furthermore…

 

 Jos 3:1  וישׁכם יהושׁע בבקר ויסעו מהשׁטים ויבאו עד־הירדן הוא וכל־בני ישׂראל וילנו שׁם טרם יעברו׃

 

Jos 3:1 KJV  And Joshua rose early in the morning; and they removed from Shittim, and came to Jordan, he and all the children of Israel, and lodged there before they passed over.

 

 

A more correct, under the given circumstances, translation of the word “lodged” is “stopped” (Strong’s H3885.) This event, then, of Joshua 3:1, took place “early in the morning” of the Fourth Day [Wednesday morning.]

 

Jos 3:1 TLT  And Joshua rose early in the morning; and they removed from Shittim, and came to Jordan, he and all the children of Israel, and stopped there before they passed over.

 

 

Joshua 3:2 provides us with the specifics:

 

 Jos 3:2  ויהי מקצה שׁלשׁת ימים ויעברו השׁטרים בקרב המחנה׃

Jos 3:2 KJV  And it came to pass after three days, that the officers went through the host;

 

A more correct translation of this verse, i.e. considering the true meaning of the Hebrew word “מקצה,” “after the beginning of,” and the fact that the text here is using “שׁלשׁת”(fem. pl.) not “שׁלשׁה” (fem. sing.,) (cf. Strong’s H7969) is: [4]

 

Jos 3:2 TLT  And it came to pass after the beginning of the second set of three days, that the officers went through the host;

                                                                                                                                                     

Thus, our understanding of Joshua 3:2, as a reference to the beginning, the eve, of the Fourth Day, is consistent also with Joshua 1:11 (cf. this link!) That is, while still using all these time references of Joshua as specific date stamps naming specific days of the seven day cycle.

 

Notice:  Added 5926[(*??*)] 10 14 2030 [2014-01-16]

Although it may seem unwarranted for the author of Joshua to indicate the specific portions of the day in Joshua 2:2 (“to night,”) 5 (“about the time of the shutting of the gate,”) 22 (“three days”); 3:1 (“early in the morning,”) 5 (“to morrow,”) 4:19 (“the tenth day,”) that is, while then indicating the Third Day of two different weeks (Joshua 1:11 vs. 3:2,) and although it would seem as though the Third Day event of Joshua 1:11 and 3:2 is one and the same, it may yet be wise to consider also this translation:

 

Jos 3:2 TLT  And it came to pass after the beginning of the next Third Day of the week, that the officers went through the host;

 

This alternative translation would require a seven day long hiatus between Joshua 3:1 and 3:2.

 

If so, then the 10th day of the month vs. a Third Day crossing of the Jordan River would require an Aviv New Moon at the beginning of the First Day of the week (Saturday evening, that is, as opposed to an inclement weather default New Moon the following night (cf. below!)) Accordingly, this second alternative TLT translation results in the same conclusion re the year of the crossing of the Jordan as does my preferred understanding as reflected by the within article (cf. the list of years below!) This second scenario would result in Hag HaOmer, in the year of the crossing of the Jordan, falling on Abib 21, 1423 BCE, and that the people ate of the old crop of barley until the Seventh Day Sabbath morning of Abib 21, 1423 BCE (cf. this link.)

 

Indeed, upon carefully rereading Joshua Chapters 1-6 with this alternative scenario in mind, and while recognizing also the strangeness in applying two sets of tree day reckoning within one and the same week, I find that this alternative scenario is the one more likely to find its basis in reality. Indeed, this alternative scenario is consistent with the seven days of marching around Jericho coinciding not only with the seven days of the regular week, but also with the seven days of the Feast of Unleavened Bread! Furthermore, it is consistent with the Lord speaking to Joshua (Joshua 1:1 & 5:9) on the Seventh Day Sabbath. Likewise, Joshua’s encounter with the Captain of the host of the Lord, per Joshua 5:13-6:5, turns out to fall upon the Seventh Day Sabbath.

 

Accordingly, I find that, most likely per my findings thus far, the crossing of the Jordan took place on the Third Day of the week, Aviv 10, 1423 BCE.

 

 

 Jos 3:5  ויאמר יהושׁע אל־העם התקדשׁו כי מחר יעשׂה יהוה בקרבכם נפלאות׃

Jos 3:5 KJV  And Joshua said unto the people, Sanctify yourselves: for to morrow the LORD will do wonders among you.

 

Thus those words of Joshua were spoken also on the eve of the Fourth Day [Tuesday evening.] That is, while giving reference, “tomorrow,” to the following morning [Wednesday morning.] Cf. the meaning of the word “מחר” as analyzed in the article under this link.

                                            

 Jos 3:7  ויאמר יהוה אל־יהושׁע היום הזה אחל גדלך בעיני כל־ישׂראל אשׁר ידעון כי כאשׁר הייתי עם־משׁה אהיה עמך׃

Jos 3:7 KJV  And the LORD said unto Joshua, This day will I begin to magnify thee in the sight of all Israel, that they may know that, as I was with Moses, so I will be with thee.

 

 Jos 4:14  ביום ההוא גדל יהוה את־יהושׁע בעיני כל־ישׂראל ויראו אתו כאשׁר יראו את־משׁה כל־ימי חייו׃

Jos 4:14 KJV  On that day the LORD magnified Joshua in the sight of all Israel; and they feared him, as they feared Moses, all the days of his life.

 

 Jos 4:19  והעם עלו מן־הירדן בעשׂור לחדשׁ הראשׁון ויחנו בגלגל בקצה מזרח יריחו׃

Jos 4:19 KJV  And the people came up out of Jordan on the tenth day of the first month, and encamped in Gilgal, in the east border of Jericho.

 

Notice that Joshua 3:7 in conjunction with Joshua 4:14 makes it entirely clear that the crossing of the Jordan was begun and completed during one and the same day, which day was (cf. above) the Fourth Day of the week, which day was also, per Joshua 4:19, the tenth day of month number one. Accordingly, we find here a double dated event which should help us identify the correct year. That is, because the tenth day of the first month does not fall on the same day of the week every year…

 

From the above double date (the Fourth Day of the week vs. the 10th day of the month,) it follows that the New Moon sliver of that first month was first observed on the eve of the Second Day of the week [Sunday evening.] The location of Joshua and the people of Israel east of Jordan at that time, that is prior to Joshua’s long day, was at 47.16N 99.7E. As previously determined this fits with an Abib 1, 1423 BCE New Moon on Sunday March 28, 1423 BCE. Cf. my footnote at this link! But, what about the surrounding years? Which ones fit a Sunday evening New Moon and which ones do not? Based upon the NASA Lunar Phase tables and my Starry Night software, I find the following potential first visibility of the New Moons:

 

Fri Mar 30, 1426 BCE

Sun Apr 29, 1426 BCE

Wed Mar 19, 1425 BCE

Thu Apr 17, 1425 BCE

Tue Apr 7, 1424 BCE

Wed May 6, 1424 BCE

Sat Mar 27, 1423 BCE[5]

Mon Apr 26, 1423 BCE

Wed Mar 16, 1422 BCE

Fri Apr 15, 1422 BCE

Tue Apr 3, 1421 BCE

Wed May 2, 1421 BCE

Sat Mar 23, 1420 BCE

Mon Apr 22, 1420 BCE

 

Thus, within the five year period 1425-1421 BCE I find only one solution fitting a Second Day of the week New Moon day. That is, Sun Mar 28, 1423 BCE. Apparently, if my interpretation of the above passages are correct, and if 1423 BCE was indeed the year of the passing of the Jordan, then there was inclement weather on the eve of the First Day [Saturday evening] Mar 27, 1423 BCE, and the New Moon began with the Second Day of the week [beginning Sunday evening,] whether by default or by observation. It should be noted that at this more northerly location, 47N, the weather is more likely to be inclement in the spring time than at Israel’s current location. Thus, if Mar 28, 1423 BCE is the correct date for the New Moon of the Abib of the passing of the Jordan, then the fact that the New Moon was not observed at the time of the first potentially visible New Moon constitutes further support for the within claimed pole shifts.

 

The above interpretation of the text in the Book of Joshua also has implications on the interpretations of the passages touching on the time for the observance of the Omer Sacrifice, e.g. the interpretation of Joshua 5:11. Accordingly, the Sacrifice of Omer, the Waving of the Sheaf, was being brought on the morning of the Seventh Day Sabbath of the week, the Sixth Day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread in that year, the 20th day of the first month, Abib 20 [beginning at sunset Fri April 16,] 1423 BCE. Cf. also the alternative under this link!

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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[1] SNB re pre-Joshua’s Long Day Jerusalem (47.16º N; 99.7º E) horizon on Sep 27, 1421 BCE; sunset: 18:07:03; moonset: 18:31:47; lag: 24min 44sec; illum.: 1.12% è Tishri 15 began at sunset Oct 12, 1421 BCE.

 

[2] SNB re pre-Hezekiah Jerusalem (14º 11’ S; 37º 13’ W) horizon on Oct 5, 1419 BCE; sunset: 17:59:13; moonset: 18:54:29; lag: 55min 16sec; illum.: 1.62% è Tishri 22 began at sunset Oct 26, 1419 BCE.

 

[3] SNB re pre-Hezekiah Jerusalem (14º 11’ S; 37º 13’ W) horizon on Sep 24, 1418 BCE; sunset: 17:57:22; moonset: 18:53:35; lag: 56min 13sec; illum.: 1.73% è Tishri 22 began at sunset Oct 15, 1418 BCE.

 

[4] Prior to doing my word study re the construct format of cardinal numbers, I was under the false belief that “שׁלשׁת”(fem. pl.) not “שׁלשׁה” (fem. sing.,)” whereas in said study I learned that these endings specify whether these cardinal numbers are either construct format or absolute format. Accordingly, the corrected translation of Joshua 3:2 is:

Jos 3:2 TLT  And it came to pass after the beginning of Day Three of the week, that the officers went through the host;

[5] SNB re pre-Joshua’s Long Day Jerusalem (47.16º N; 99.7º E) horizon on Mar 23, 1420 BCE; sunset: 17:49:47; moonset: 19:14:01; lag: 84min 14sec; illum.: 1.96% è Abib 1, 1420 BCE began at sunset Mar 23, 1420 BCE.