Notice: This is the second
of three solar eclipses I’ve learned of that are effective anchor points for
the Olympic year calendar. Because there are only two other solar eclipses at
all visible over Europe or the Mediterranean area within three years, plus or
minus, of August 15, BCE, that is, 1) December 29, 309 BCE, and 2) June 14, 307
BCE, this August 15, 310 BCE total solar eclipse is inconvertible, or so I
believe, confirmation of the correctness of the first and the third of said three solar
eclipses.
“113 When Agesias was
archon at Athens, the Romans installed as consuls Gaius Publius
and Papirius, and the one hundred and fourteenth celebration of the Olympic
Games took place, in which Micinas of Rhodes won the
foot race.* Now from practically all the inhabited world came envoys on various
missions, some congratulating Alexander on his victories, some bringing him
crowns, other concluding treaties of friendship and alliance, many bringing
handsome presents, and some prepared to defend themselves against accusations.”
Diodorus
Sicilus, Library of History, Book XVII, with original editor’s footnote.
“8… 2 A short time before his
death, Alexander decided to restore all the exiles in the Greek cities, partly
for the sake of gaining fame, and partly wishing to secure many devoted
personal followers in each city to counter the revolutionary movements and
seditions of the Greeks. 3 Therefore,
the Olympic games being at
hand,* he sent Nicanor of Stageira to Greece, giving him a decree about the
restoration, which he ordered him to have proclaimed by the victorious herald
to the crowds at the festival.”
*) “In 324, the year before
Alexander's death.”
Diodorus Sicilus, Library of History, Book XVIII, with original editor’s footnote.
“17
When Democleides was archon at Athens, the Romans
elected Gaius Junius and Quintus Aemilius consuls.* This was the one hundred and sixteenth celebration of the Olympic Games, at which Deinomenes
the Laconian won the footrace.”
Diodorus Sicilus, Library of History, Book XIX, with original editor’s footnote.
“55
When this year had passed, Praxibulus was archon at Athens and in Rome Nautius Spurius and Marcus Poplius were
consuls.29”
“77
When this year had passed, Polemon was archon in Athens, and in Rome the consuls were Lucius
Papirius for the fifth time and Gaius Iunius;* and in this year the Olympic Games were celebrated for
the one hundred and seventeenth time, Parmenion of Mitylenê winning the footrace.”
“105
When Simonides was archon in Athens, the Romans elected to the
consulship Marcus Valerius and Publius
Decius.**”
Diodorus Sicilus, Library of History, Book XIX, with original editor’s footnote.
“3 When Hieromnemon was archon in Athens, the Romans elected to the
consulship Gaius Julius and Quintus Aemilius;* and in Sicily Agathocles, who had been defeated by the
Carthaginians in the battle at the Himeras River and had lost the largest and
strongest part of his army, took refuge in Syracuse…
“5… 5 On the next day there occurred
such an eclipse of the sun that utter darkness set in and the stars were seen
everywhere;** wherefore Agathocles' men, believing that the
prodigy portended misfortune for them, fell into even greater anxiety about the
future…
“18… This was the situation of affairs in Sicily
and Libya.***”
“27 When Demetrius of Phalerum was archon in Athens, in Rome
Quintus Fabius received the consulship for the second time and Gaius Marcius for the first…****
“37 When Charinus was
archon at Athens, the Romans gave the consulship to Publius Decius and Quintus Fabius;***** and in Elis the Olympian Games
were celebrated for the one hundred and eighteenth time, at which
celebration Apollonides of Tegea won the foot race…”
***) “Continued in chap. 29.2.”
Diodorus
Sicilus, Library of History, Book XX, with original editor’s footnotes.
Diodorus
Sicilus, Library of History, Book XX, with original editor’s footnote.
The historical library of Diodorus the Sicilian, Book II, p.
128.
“Diodorus Siculus (80-20BC) (Library of History 2,47)”
“The Greek writer
who comes next to Herodotus in the copiousness with which he treats Egyptian
affairs is DIODORUS, who, like Herodotus, visited Egypt, and who also professed
to draw his narrative from information furnished him by the priests. The Egyptian history
of Diodorus is, however, so manifestly based on that of Herodotus, which it
merely supplements to a certain extent, that we can scarcely suppose it to have
been drawn quite independently from native sources. Rather we must regard him
as taking Herodotus for his basis, and as endeavoring to fill out the
sketch with which that writer had furnished his countrymen. Apparently [he] was
wholly ignorant of the history of Manetho. It is remarkable
that the additions which Diodorus makes to the scheme of Herodotus are in
almost every instance worthless.”
(A manual of ancient history, from the earliest times to the fall
of the Western empire, comprising the history of Chaldæa,
Assyria, Babylonia, Lydia, Phœnicia, Syria, Judæa, Egypt, Carthage, Persia, Greece, Macedonia, Rome, and Parthia. By
George Rawlinson, p. 75.)
“WAR WITH AGATHOCLES, B.C. 311
to 304. War begun by aggressions of Agathocles on Agrigentum. Victory of Hamilcar at the Himera, B. C.
310, followed by the siege of Syracuse. Resolution of
Agathocles to transfer the war into Africa. He lands and burns his
ships; is for some time successful, partly owing to the treachery of Bomilcar, but can not conquer
Carthage.” Idem, p. 100
“Four Greek writers especially
devoted a large share of their attention to the subject; and of these two
remain to us entire, of the third we possess by far the greater portion, while
the fourth exists only in an epitome. These writers are (a) HERODOTUS, who
traces the history of the empire from its foundation to the year B.c. 479. His work is valuable, as he had travelled in
Persia, and derived much of his information from Persian informants. But these
informants were not always trustworthy…” Idem, p. 102
“A [l]ist
of the kings is given by Diodorus 1. Spartacus I., reigned from B.c. 438 to 431. 2. Seleucus,
reigned fiom B.C. 431 to 427. 3. Satyrus
I., reigned from B.C. 407 to 393. 4. Leucon, his son,
reigned fiom B.C. 393 to
353. 5. Spartacus II., his son, reigned from B.C. 353 to 348. 6. Parysades I., his brother, reigned from B.c.
348 to 310. 7. Satyrus II., his son, reigned
nine months. 8. Prytanis, his brother, was deposed by
9. Eumdeus, also his brother, who reigned five years,
from B.c. 309 to 304…” Idem, p. 176.
(Ref.: Hagen,
Karl, The Ancient Greek Calendar)
